OPERATION VARSITY, THE RHINE CROSSING

by Nick Metcalfe

This article offers a detailed and compelling account of the Royal Corps of Signals’ contribution to Operation Varsity (24 March 1945), the airborne component of the Rhine crossing. Focusing on the integration of British signallers with the United States 17th Airborne Division, it highlights the critical role of No. 2 Air Support Signal Unit (ASSU) “tentacles” in enabling close air support through robust communications between ground forces, higher headquarters, and the Second Tactical Air Force.

Drawing on extensive archival research, the author reconstructs the fate of small Royal Signals detachments delivered by CG-4A gliders into heavily defended landing zones. The narrative underscores both the operational complexity of joint Allied airborne operations and the vulnerabilities inherent in glider assaults, where communications teams, split across aircraft with their equipment, suffered heavy casualties under intense ground fire.

Through a chalk-by-chalk examination of the landings, the article documents acts of notable gallantry and resilience — most prominently that of Corporal J. S. Glassford, whose leadership ensured the rapid establishment and maintenance of vital communications links despite severe losses. These efforts were instrumental in maintaining uninterrupted air support at a decisive phase of the campaign.

The study not only commemorates the individuals involved - many of whom were killed or wounded - but also provides a valuable case study in expeditionary communications under fire, coalition interoperability, and the enduring importance of communications support in airborne operations.

Link to full article.